Chemomechanical preparation influences the microbial community and the levels of LPS, LTA and cytokines in combined endodontic-periodontal lesions: A clinical study

Author(s)

Gomes, Brenda P. F. A. ^[1] ; Berber, Vanessa B. ^[1] ; Marinho, Ariane C. S. ^[1] ; Louzada, Lidiane M. ^[1] ; Arruda-Vasconcelos, Rodrigo ^[1] ; Passini, Maicon R. Z. ^[1] ; Lopes, Erica M. ^[1] ; Pecorari, Vanessa G. A. ^{[1, 2]} ; Chen, Tsute ^[3] ; Paster, Bruce J. ^[4]

Affiliation

^[1] State Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Restorat Dent, Div Endodont, Av Limeira 901, BR-13414903 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Paulista UNIP, BioStat, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Forsyth Inst, Dept Mol Genet, Cambridge, MA - USA

^[4] Forsyth Inst, Microbiol Dept, Cambridge, MA - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH; DEC 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Background This study was conducted to compare the microbiomes, the levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and cytokines (interleukin {[}IL]-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha {[}TNF-alpha]), before and after chemomechanical preparation (CMP) of the root canals (RC) and their associated periodontal pockets (PP) in teeth with combined EPL. Materials Samples were taken from 10 RC and PP, before and after CMP. The microbiomes (next-generation sequencing, V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene), microbiome diversity (bioinformatics analyses), LPS (limulus amebocyte lysate), LTA, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha (ELISA) were evaluated. A statistical analysis was performed with significance level set at 5%. Results The most abundant phyla in both sites were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Comparative studies of bacterial genera species revealed that some increased and others decreased after CMP at both sites. A 3% reduction in Gram-negative bacteria (RC) and a 4% increase in Gram-positive bacteria (PP) were detected. LPS levels were 4.4 times higher in PP than in the RC. LTA was detected in all samples investigated. Higher levels of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were detected in both sites at baseline. After CMP, LPS, LTA, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were reduced in both sites. Conclusion The microbial community in the RC and PP in teeth with combined EPL indicated a similarity between both sites. CMP effectively reduced the microbial load and the LPS levels from teeth with EPL, and consequently diminished the cytokine levels. The reduction in LTA levels in the RC and PP proved challenging. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/25242-8 - Clinical, microbiological and immunological monitoring of patients undertaken to endodontic therapy with diagnosis of irreversible Pulpitis
• Grantee: Rodrigo Arruda Vasconcelos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 14/01655-3 - Microbial and immunological characterization of endo-periodontal lesions
• Grantee: Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research
• FAPESP's process: 19/10755-5 - Clinical investigation of epigenetic modulations in dental pulp tissues with diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis
• Grantee: Rodrigo Arruda Vasconcelos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 15/23479-5 - Microbiomes and immunobiological aspects in endodontic infections
• Grantee: Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/19300-0 - Investigation of the clinical, microbiological and immunological aspects of teeth with diagnosis of primary periodontal lesions with secondary endodontic involvement
• Grantee: Lidiane Mendes Louzada
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate