Physical Activity: A Strategy to Improve Antibody Response to a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Booster Dose in Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

Author(s):Show less -

Gualano, Bruno ; Sieczkowska, Sofia M. ; Lemes, Italo Ribeiro ; da Silva, Rafael Pires ; Pinto, Ana J. ; Mazzolani, Bruna C. ; Smaira, Fabiana I. ; Aikawa, Nadia E. ; Kupa, Leonard V. K. ; Pasoto, Sandra G. ; Medeiros-Ribeiro, Ana C. ; Saad, Carla G. S. ; Yuk, Emily F. N. ; Silva, Clovis A. ; Swinton, Paul ; Hallal, Pedro C. ; Roschel, Hamilton ; Bonfa, Eloisa

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH; v. 20, n. 4, p. 6-pg., 2023-03-03.

Abstract

Background: Physical activity associates with improved immunogenicity following a 2-dose schedule of CoronaVac (Sinovac's inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD). This study evaluates whether physical activity impacts vaccine-induced antibody responses to a booster dose in this population. Methods: This was a phase-4 trial conducted in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Patients with ARD underwent a 3-dose schedule of CoronaVac. One month after the booster, we assessed seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG, frequency of positive neutralizing antibodies, and neutralizing activity. Physical activity was assessed through questionnaire. Results: Physically active (n = 362) and inactive (n = 278) patients were comparable for most characteristics; however, physically active patients were younger (P<.01) and had a lower frequency of chronic inflammatory arthritis (P<.01). Adjusted models showed that physically active patients had -2 times odds of seroconversion rates (OR: 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 3.61), -22% greater geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG (22.09%; 95% confidence interval, 3.91 to 65.60), and -7% greater neutralizing activity (6.76%; 95% confidence interval, 2.80 to 10.72) than inactive patients. Conclusions: Patients with ARD who are physically active have greater odds of experiencing better immunogenicity to a booster dose of CoronaVac. These results support the recommendation of physical activity to improve vaccination responses, particularly for immunocompromised individuals. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/23688-9 - High-intensity intermittent training and beta-alanine supplementation: effects on carnosine metabolism in skeletal muscle and exercise performance and capacity
• Grantee: Rafael Pires da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 19/14820-6 - Healthy lifestyle promotion in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: effects on life quality and psychological aspects
• Grantee: Bruna Caruso Mazzolani
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 17/13552-2 - Reducing sedentary time in clinical populations: the take a stand for health study
• Grantee: Bruno Gualano
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/26937-4 - Studies on physical (in)activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: characterization, associations with disease and effects of breaking up sedentary time
• Grantee: Ana Jéssica Pinto
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 15/03756-4 - Assessment of relevance of blood levels of drugs in the monitoring rheumatic autoimmune diseases: safety, effectiveness and adherence to therapy
• Grantee: Eloisa Silva Dutra de Oliveira Bonfá
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 20/04877-8 - Impact of interleukin-6 receptor blockade on acute response to exercise on insulin sensitivity and muscle glucose uptake in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Grantee: Ítalo Ribeiro Lemes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 19/14819-8 - Promotion of healthy lifestyle in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: assessment of safety, efficiency and feasibility of the study 'Vivendo bem com Lúpus' (Living well with Lupus)
• Grantee: Fabiana Infante Smaira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 19/15231-4 - Promotion of healthy lifestyle in patients with Systemic Erythematosus Lupus: effects on cardiometabolic risks factors the randomized and controlled clinical trial living well with Lupus
• Grantee: Sofia Mendes Sieczkowska
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate