Eco-friendly and high-performance extraction of flavonoids from lemon peel wastes by applying ultrasound-assisted extraction and eutectic solvents

Author(s)

Chaves, Jaisa O. ; Mesquita, Leonardo M. de Souza ; Strieder, Monique M. ; Contieri, Leticia S. ; Pizani, Rodrigo S. ; Sanches, Vitor L. ; Vigano, Juliane ; Bezerra, Rosangela M. Neves ; Rostagno, Mauricio A.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY; v. 39, p. 13-pg., 2024-06-01.

Abstract

This work aimed to develop an optimized extraction process to achieve an environmentally friendly proposal to recover flavonoids from lemon peel wastes using ultrasound -assisted extraction (UAE) and eutectic mixtures as solvents. The eutectic mixture choline chloride:acetic acid (ChCL:AA; 1:2 mol/mol) displayed the best extraction performance of the target compounds, here represented by hesperidin and narirutin. In Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) approach, we identified the ideal conditions for flavonoid recovery: a solvent -to -feed ratio (R (S/F) ) of 30 (v/m), 40% water content (m/m), and a static time of 40 min. Combined with a dynamic extraction time of 6 min (under cavitation), those parameters yielded optimal results in flavonoid recovery. The 320 W ultrasound power achieved the maximum yield of the target compounds (5.25 mg hesperidin /g biomass and 0.21 mg narirutin /g biomass ). Besides, our results showed that the ChCL:AA solvent enhanced the thermal stability of flavonoids, showcasing remarkable potential as a stabilizing agent for various applications. Ultrasound -assisted extractions were superior in extraction performance compared to conventional techniques, namely maceration and magnetic stirring. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/15774-5 - Development of methods of extraction, separation and two-dimensional analysis of phenolic compounds in natural products
• Grantee: Juliane Viganó
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 15/00658-1 - New functional aspects of eicosanoids
• Grantee: Lúcia Helena Faccioli
• Support Opportunities: Multi-user Equipment Program
• FAPESP's process: 20/08421-9 - Application of non-volatile alternative solvents to create sustainable two-dimensional and integrated platforms for harnessing agro-industrial waste from jaboticaba and pomegranate fruits
• Grantee: Leonardo Mendes de Souza Mesquita
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 13/04304-4 - Development of integrated systems for the analysis of bioactive compounds in natural products employing supercritical technology
• Grantee: Maurício Ariel Rostagno
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/13496-0 - Multi user equipment approved in grant 2018/14582-5: ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography system (UHPLC), composed by a quaternary pump, autoinjector, oven with selection valve and detector (PDA)
• Grantee: Maurício Ariel Rostagno
• Support Opportunities: Multi-user Equipment Program
• FAPESP's process: 19/13496-0 - Multi user equipment approved in grant 2018/14582-5: ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography system (UHPLC), composed by a quaternary pump, autoinjector, oven with selection valve and detector (PDA)
• Grantee: Maurício Ariel Rostagno
• Support Opportunities: Multi-user Equipment Program
• FAPESP's process: 18/14582-5 - Development of a two-dimensional extraction, separation and analysis system for evaluating the bioactivity of phytochemicals
• Grantee: Maurício Ariel Rostagno
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants - Phase 2