Abstract
Accumulated evidences show that exercise training plays an important role in cardiovascular disease. The present study will focus on the effects that exercise training may have on muscle mechanoreflex and metaboreflex controls of sympathetic nerve activity in patients with heart failure. In addition, we will investigate the cellular mechanisms involved in these controls. At a vascular level, we will study the effects of exercise training on miRNA expression involved in the cardiac angiogenesis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Also, we will investigate the influence of exercise training on pro-inflammation, oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in endothelial cells of the human femoral artery, and on the vascular morphology and function of animals with heart failure. The final section will be dedicated to the investigation of the effects of exercise training on cardiac remodeling and skeletal myopathy in heart failure. To accomplish this goal, we will study the effects of exercise training on cardiac calcineurine pathway and skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation with two different approaches: heart failure patients submitted to cardiac resynchronization therapy and heart failure patients undergoing testosterone therapy. Furthermore, we will study the role of angiotensin II on the amelioration of muscle myopathy provoked by exercise training. Finally, we close this section investigating if the improvement of cardiac and skeletal myopathy in heart failure is associated with exercise training intensity. (AU)
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